Good governance is mainstreamed in all GIZ’s programmes in Morocco. The King used the parties as a way to divide the political forces. The National Security includes various technical services, such as scientific and computer specialists. The main light tanks are French (AMX-13) and Austrian (SK-105 Kürassier). It has not fought a conventional interstate war since the Algerian wars of the early 1960s. The Cabinet determines and implements public and foreign policy and oversees the passing of laws by Parliament. There are three levels of jurisdiction. Regions are administered by a Wali (governor), appointed by the King, and a regional council, elected by direct universal suffrage. Parliament passes laws: legislative bills are submitted to both chambers, and if they do not adopt an identical text, the government sets up a joint committee with equal representation to establish it. Most of the population cannot afford legal services, as the average lawyer’s fee is equivalent to two to four weeks of the minimum wage. In Morocco, internal demands for institutional reform backed by popular support have become a major lever in assisting to establish good governance in the country since early 2011. There is also a small-claims legal system. Morocco: Corporate Governance Laws and Regulations 2020. Access to the Courts The Authenticity and Modernity Party (PAM) was founded in August 2009 by Fouad Ali el-Himma, a close friend of King Mohammed VI and a palace advisor. Four months after the parliamentary elections of 7 October 2016, Abdelilah Benkirane, leader of the winning Islamist Justice and Development Party (PJD), was unable to form the coalition government required by law. A bicameral system was only reintroduced in the 1996 Constitution. The parties vanished during World War II but re-emerged after the American invasion of 1943, with the foundation of the Independence Party (Parti de l’Independence, Parti Istiqlal, or Istiqlal, PI), whose manifesto marks the beginning of modern nationalism and the modern Moroccan state. This was a rolling process, and the final stage in 1930 saw the promulgation of the famous Berber Dahir, which was envisioned as a tidying-up process under which tribal qaids (administrators) would deal with minor criminal matters under French law and civil matters according to what the French defined as Berber customary law. Islamic law too is codified, in the Mudawana. Legal System Foreigners and their local agents were exempted from both Moroccan law and taxation, by the system of capitulations and placed under the jurisdiction of their national consuls, which allowed them to do business unfettered and behave badly. April 9, 2013. Transparency and open budget, the true stakes in Morocco’s governance reform; BLOG. Interview with a Public Sector expert, Fabian Seiderer, on Governance in Morocco. This paper presents a preliminary analysis of the issues of governance in human rights organizations in Morocco. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. The administrative-police functions include public order, public security, and traffic control on roads outside the cities. HTF MI 'Morocco Insurance Industry - Governance, Risk and Compliance' report is the result of extensive research into the insurance regulatory framework in Morocco. Most equipment has recently come from the United States; before that, the main supplier was France. The bicameral Parliament consists of the House of Representatives (395 members), elected for five years by direct universal suffrage, and the House of Councillors (with a maximum of 120 members), elected for six years by a complicated system of indirect elections by local councils, professional organizations, and labour unions. Prophetic descent was reinforced by the ability to command force and exercise power. The French did, however, maintain the institution of royal family and appointed another brother, Yusef, as sultan. The “Morocco New Governance Framework Implementation Support Project” is being funded with a US$4.5 million grant from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Transition Fund, approved on February 20, 2013. But individuals did not, in the end, ‘disappear’, and the repression was focused, not generalized. The Open Government Review of Morocco is the first of its kind analysing a country’s open government policies and practices and their institutional and legal frameworks for implementation against OECD instruments. In that year defectors from the OADP created the Democratic Socialist Party (Parti Socialiste Démocratique, PSD), former members of the OAPD set up the Front of Democratic Forces (Front des Forces Démocratiques, FFD), and, in yet another secession from the MP line, the Democratic and Social Movement (Mouvement Démocratique et Social, MDS) separated from Aherdane’s MNP. Morocco News reads latest regional, national and local headlines in English, France and Arabic. Ensuring governance reform in Morocco … In 2003, terrorist crimes were added to the list, but the penalty has not been carried out since 1993 (although by August 2008 there were 150 prisoners on death row). The Government of Morocco has been criticized for a lack of effective resource governance, which has been mainly linked to an incomplete regulatory framework and insufficient disclosure policies (NRGI). Attempts by the Ministry of Justice to set up a multi-media public-awareness campaign on basic rights failed because of lack of funding. Each of Morocco’s first five constitutions since independence began the same way: ‘Morocco is a constitutional democratic and social monarchy.’ The sixth Constitution in 2011 added the word ‘parliamentary’: ‘Le Maroc est une monarchie constitutionnelle, démocratique, parlementaire et sociale.’ The monarchy is very old: the current dynasty dates back to the mid-17th century and is the oldest surviving ruling family in the Arab countries. The Moroccan army is notable for its large number of personnel and high level of training. The United States Government, through USAID, is working closely with different political actors – political parties, government entities, civil society organizations (CSO), and civil society as a whole – to help them build their capacities, facilitate citizen participation, and ensure sustainable participatory governance. In January 2010, King Mohammed VI set up a Consultative Commission on Regionalization, ostensibly to examine how administration, regional development, and finance functioned under these arrangements. The Executive His authority is derived from his role as the political head of a community defined by belief. Please contact us in case of omissions concerning copyright-protected work. Officials were arrested and prosecuted for crimes ranging from assault and battery to petty bribery in all parts of Morocco and Western Sahara, but many cases are not brought to trial. On 19 June 2019, SIGMA organised in Rabat, Morocco – together with the Ministry of Administration Reform and Civil Service of Morocco – a joint OECD-EU high-level conference on public governance. The Supreme Court hears appeals from lower courts and resolves jurisdictional disputes. The constitutional reforms undertaken by Morocco since the 2011 protests have modified legislative and institutional procedures, yet their real impact on governance needs to be assessed. Political Parties By bringing together a multitude of OECD instruments and expertise in different areas of public governance… The national civilian police force is the National Security (Sûreté Nationale), which is an armed force of about 60,000, under the Ministry of the Interior. The latter was first enacted in 1957 and modified in 2004 and is by far the most controversial (see Women). In 2018, military expenditure accounted for 3.1 per cent of GDP, compared with 3.2 per cent in both 2017 and 2016, according to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Religious personal-status law was maintained as the responsibility of Sharia courts for Muslims and rabbinical courts for Jews. Istiqlal was initially a grand coalition, but Ouezzani broke away to found the Democratic Independence Party (Parti Democratique et de l’Independence; PDI) in 1946, the same year that Ali Yata became the first Moroccan to lead the Communist Party of Morocco (Parti Communiste du Maroc, PC). Morocco is the world’s largest exporter of phosphate, which is an industry controlled by the royal family and by the elite who monopolize larger, multi-sector industries and who are close associates of the mon… Not only do the elections constitute an evaluation of the success or failure of the constitutional reforms that Morocco adopted in 2011, but also a litmus test for ... What is the state of security today in Morocco? After the protests against the Berber Dahir in 1930, the first Moroccan nationalist groups were set up, and three young leaders became the founding fathers of Moroccan politics, Allal al-Fassi, Mehdi Ben Barka, and Mohammed Hassan Ouezzani. In this new paper, Mohamed Benhlal analyzes Morocco’s recent constitutional amendments, which seemed, on paper, to make significance progress towards good governance… This area of Morocco … In Morocco, internal demands for institutional reform backed by popular support have become a major lever in assisting to establish good governance in the country since early 2011. In August 2015, Morocco signed a deal with Russia to purchase its first submarine, an Amur-1650, worth $340 million. A taoutiq judge (who handles notary issues and issues concerning minors), assisted by aduls (religiously-trained clerks), applies the personal law in the first-instance court. But Mohammed VI, who came to the throne when he was quite young – he was born in 1963 – has modernizing and technocratic credentials. PAM includes in its ranks members with different ideological leanings such as liberals, leftists, Islamists and royalists, suggesting a lack of a clear ideological direction. Because the decree legalizing unions did not explicitly forbid Moroccan workers from joining, the unions began to recruit Moroccans, until the Protectorate administration issued another decree forbidding it. Corporate Governance in Transition Economies Morocco Country Report December 2017 Prepared by: Gian Piero Cigna Ahmed Meziou With the assistance of: Nestor Advisors . As a result, the executive is made up of members of the largest party or coalition of parties in the Parliament determined by the results of the general elections. That authority, baraka, is an inherited quality passed by genealogical descent from the founder of the Alaouite dynasty Moulay al-Cherif and his son Moulay al-Rashid (1666-1672), who seized power when the Saadi dynasty disintegrated in half a century of civil war. In February 2010, a royal directive outlined a plan to modernize and professionalize the National Security by improving the quality of recruits and reducing corruption, with increased investigation, prosecution, and training – including a human-rights component – for security personnel. At present, Morocco is divided into 16 regions: Each region is headed by a governor (wali) and includes of a varying number of provinces (covering rural areas) and prefectures (covering large urban areas). Morocco is currently under the Alaouite Dynasty and each King since 1666 has belonged to the Alaouite family. Authenticity and Modernity Party The Judicial There are enormous difficulties to realizing it. Because of its history, Morocco has a dual legal system, under which civil legislation, based on the French code system, defines contract, commercial, administrative, and criminal law and provides the bases of codes of civil and criminal procedure, while Islamic law provides the basic structure governing personal, family, and succession issues. Morocco has made access to drinking water a priority for many years. Its 37 local districts are responsible for policing traffic in urban areas, policing large crowds (e.g., sports fixtures and concerts), and civil protection during emergencies. READ online. It positioned itself as a moderate Islamist party inspired by the Turkish Islamist movement and went on to become the biggest party in the elections in November 2011, when Benkirane became Prime Minister of a coalition government. The Ministry of Justice recognizes that the level of judicial competence is generally low, a consequence of the poor training of judges by the National Institute of Judicial Studies, which lacks staff and resources, and because of shortcomings in court internships. In partnership with the General Directorate of Territorial Collectivities (DGCT) and the Association of Regions of Morocco (ARM), TASHAROC wishes to study the possibilities of operationalising the recommendations from the 1st national conference on advanced regionalisation for citizen participation, with the British … As a political official, the … The acquired copyright protected images used on/as featured image of this page are: ©Hollandse Hoogte | ©Hollandse Hoogte | ©Fanack | ©Fanack | Fanack ©Fanack. By bringing together a multitude of OECD instruments and expertise in different areas of public governance, the … Both dynasties claimed their legitimacy ultimately from descent from the Prophet Muhammad, but that was a very large cohort. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are officially appointed by the King, but the government’s programme must be approved by a majority vote of the Chamber of Deputies after a debate in both parliamentary chambers. Some were Moroccan branches of French political parties based in the settler community, others were specifically Moroccan organizations. In 1996, under a new Constitution, the repression began to lift. When he died in 1927, he was succeeded by his son Mohammed V, who became the symbolic rallying point for a modern nationalist movement that asserted his legitimacy while trying to limit his powers. Towards New Arrangements for State Ownership in the Middle East and North Africa Corporate governance of state-owned enterprises in Morocco… Increasing European hegemony led religiously inspired nationalists to overthrow him and replace him with one of his brothers, Abdelhafid. As UN Climate Change Conference in Marrakech Approaches, What is the State of Morocco’s National Security? The underlying reason seems to have been to provide a possible solution to the Western Sahara question. Local governance at a glance The local government structure comprises 16 regions, provinces and prefectures, and urban and rural communes (Rao and Chakraborty, 2006). The judicial system was subjected to interference by the authorities in political cases, and dissidents were arrested, held incommunicado for long periods, and tortured. Offically a parliamentary constitutional democracy, in … Similarly, although defendants are presumed innocent and have a legal right to a fair public trial with right of appeal, this is not always the case in practice, especially in political cases involving those protesting the incorporation of the Western Sahara. In the end, the sultan, after changing his title to ‘King’ in 1956, won the post-independence struggle for power. Article 4 of the preceding (1996) Constitution said exactly the same thing, as did every previous Constitution (1992, 1972, 1970, and 1960), but the rule of law during the reign of his father was extremely circumscribed. Among other actions, the country has adopted a series of legislative measures and institutional reforms to improve how water management is defined and regulated, remedy inequalities of access, protect water quantity and quality, and reuse it. Readers are advised to seek … Parts of the regions of Guelmim–al-Semara and Laayoune–Boujdour–Sakia al-Hamra and all of Oued Eddahab Lagouira are in the territory of Western Sahara. Governance Reform in Morocco. The Commission proposed there be only twelve regions, covering larger areas and greater populations and with much greater autonomy. This study analyses initiatives undertaken in Morocco to support the management of critical risks. He was appointed in November 2011, after elections, and heads a coalition including the centre-right nationalist Istiqlal, the liberal Popular Movement (Mouvement Populaire, MP), which has Berber roots, and the left-wing Party of Progress and Socialism (Parti du Progrès et du Socialisme, PPS; formerly the Parti Communiste du Maroc). Governance | Morocco News is a news reader (RSS reader) providing a summary of headlines and latest news stories disseminated in the reliable news sources from Morocco News. The Military The constitutional reforms undertaken by Morocco since the 2011 protests have modified legislative and institutional procedures, yet their real impact on governance needs to be assessed. The death penalty (by firing squad) can be applied for aggravated murder, torture, armed robbery, arson, treason, desertion, and attempts on the king’s life; it also exists in the military courts. These organizations have increased several folds since the late 1990s and especially after the 2011 wave of Arab uprisings. The party won the municipal elections in 2009, and, with 47 seats, came fourth in the 2011 parliamentary elections. In January 2017, Morocco signed a $91 million deal with Harris Corporation to provide AN/ALQ-211 Advanced Integrated Defensive Electronic Warfare Suite (AIDEWS) systems to help protect its RMAF F-16 aircraft fleet against electronic threats. The military forces’ extensive combat experience in the Western Sahara has given them operational expertise in desert warfare and combined air-land warfare. The system relies heavily on university academic performance: half the trainees have a law degree, and the rest have higher qualifications, but 80 percent have had no previous professional experience. French code-law came to predominate in most of the legal system. Tensions are already mounting between the main political parties. Since the early 2000s a much closer relationship with the United States, part of the so-called ‘War on Terror’, has made possible a modernization programme, particularly of the Air Force, with an order for 24 F-16 fighter aircraft, some of which have been delivered. First-instance courts hear civil cases related to persons or inheritances, and to social and commercial laws. As a result, Morocco is currently experiencing a difficult political situation, characterized by a general m... Stay up to date with the weekly newsletter! As under the French system, an investigating judge investigates serious offences and can remand a suspect into pre-trial custody. Constitutionality has a legitimizing role in Morocco, but so does monarchy. A new wave of parties emerged, many of them offshoots of second-generation parties. Avec 189 États membres, des collaborateurs issus de plus de 170 pays et plus de 130 antennes à travers le monde, le Groupe de la Banque mondiale est un partenariat sans équivalent : cinq institutions œuvrant de concert à la recherche de solutions durables pour réduire la pauvreté et favoriser le partage de la prospérité dans les … According to the World Bank, the value of the weapons Morocco imported in 2016 was about $26 million. Royal family members claim direct descent from the Prophet Muhammad via his daughter Fatima, his son-in-law Ali Ibn Abu Talib, and their son Hassan. The report on service delivery in Morocco, prepared by SIGMA, was presented during the event. Parliament and political parties were reduced to marginal roles, and there were severe constraints on the media. This can have the result of creating alternative legal solutions in certain areas. In a context of increasing globalization, marked by the intensification of trade in a more competitive environment, the port sector in Morocco and in the world, has become an important lever for development and competitiveness of a country.